Date of this Version

12-1-2021

Document Type

DNP Project

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this quality improvement project is to improve hypertensive patients’ knowledge of hypertension and medication adherence. Patient’s knowledge of hypertension is improved through their understanding of hypertension nature, hypertension complications, hypertension classifications, blood pressure readings and medication side effects. With an improvement in knowledge and medication adherence, hypertensive patients can have a better control of their blood pressure and a decrease of complications caused by hypertension.

Methods: This is a quality improvement project using a pre-survey and post-survey design. The target population is patients eighteen years and older with a diagnosis of hypertension that have been receiving medication treatment for more than three months in a primary care office. Twenty participants will be recruited with the assistance of their primary care provider. After consenting, participants will be asked to complete an online pre-survey. Then, the participants will be asked to watch a five-minute video. The content of the video contains what hypertension is, hypertension complications, hypertension classifications, blood pressure readings, and medication side effects. Two weeks later, the participants will be asked to complete an online post-survey. Hill-Bone Medication Adherence Scale (HB-MAS) was the measurement tool used in this project.

Results: In the recruited population, 65% were female, 35% were male. The recruited sample was 30% aged sixty-five years and older, 70% aged between 25-year-old to 65-year-old. 65% of the sample were identified as Asian, 10% were Black or African American, 10% Hispanic, and 15% were others. Participants’ education levels were: 30% had graduated high school or equivalent, 25% had some college, 20% had graduated 12th degree or less, 15% had bachelor’s degree, and 10% had master’s degree. Participants showed improvement in hypertension knowledge on aspects of the lifelong nature of hypertension, the complication of hypertension, blood pressure readings, hypertension classifications, and hypertensive medication side effects. The minimum Hill-Bone Medication Adherence scale score in pre-survey was 17. The minimum score in the post-survey was 24. The pre-survey data showed the highest score of 36 in 30% of the participants. The post-survey showed an increase of 15% (45%). Pre-survey had a mean score of 32.25, and post-survey had a mean score of 33.10. The standard deviation of the pre-survey was 4.84, and the standard deviation of the post-survey was 3.91. There was a variance score of 23.39 for pre-survey and a variance score of 15.29 for post-survey. The post-survey showed a 40% increase in medication adherence, a 30% decrease in medication adherence, and a 30% no change in medication adherence compared to the pre-survey.

Conclusion: The study supports that a video-based educational program on hypertension can improve patients’ hypertension knowledge. The study shows that participants are lack of knowledge on understanding high blood pressure classifications and medication side effects. The most common reason for medication nonadherence is that patients forget to take their medications. The study reveals that a video-based education can improve patients’ medication adherence using the Hill-Bone Medication Adherence Scale in a mean score, standard deviation, and variance score in the post-survey. The study shows an improved hypertension knowledge is not linked to consistency in increasing medication adherence among hypertensive patients.

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