The Association of Inadequate Fiber Intake with Obesity in Adult Diabetic Patients in the United States
Abstract
Introduction and Objective. Obesity is an alarming public health issue in the United States, with a staggering 41.9%prevalence according to the 2017-March 2020 NHANES survey. In 2019, over 463 million adults aged 20-79 were living with diabetes, primarily due to Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). While the potential of dietary fiber to mitigate obesity is recognized, substantial knowledge gaps persist. Our study aims to investigate the association between inadequate fiber intake and obesity in diabetic adults in the United States from 2017 to 2020. Methods. This cross-sectional study utilized NHANES data from 2017 to 2020, focusing on diabetic patients aged 18-65. Exclusion criteria encompassed abnormal dietary energy intake, a history of cardiovascular disease, cancer, previous stroke, and pregnancy. The outcome variable was obesity (BMI ≥ 30), while the primary independent variable was dietary fiber intake measured in grams/day. The cutoff values aligned with recommended daily intake, set at ≥ 25 g/day for females and ≥ 38 g/day for males. Covariates encompassed age, education level, socioeconomic status, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, total energy intake, and macronutrient intake. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. The study did not establish a statistically significant link between fiber intake and increased BMI in diabetic patients (OR=0.20; 95% CI: 0.03-1.42). Notably, male participants exhibited significantly lower odds of obesity compared to female patients (OR=0.19; 95% CI: 0.09-0.40), while smokers had an 81% lower likelihood of increased BMI compared to non-smokers (OR=0.19; 95% CI: 0.05-0.66). Gender and smoking status emerged as influential factors affecting BMI, with no discernible correlation between race and BMI. Conclusions-Implications. Although the study did not establish a direct link between fiber intake and BMI in diabetic adults, it provides valuable insights for future research and clinical guidance. These findings underscore the need for more nuanced and comprehensive investigations in this field, recognizing the multifaceted nature of the relationship between dietary fiber, obesity, and diabetes, potentially necessitating more extensive exploration. Obesity is an alarming public health issue in the United States, with a staggering 41.9% prevalence according to the 2017-March 2020 NHANES survey. In 2019, over 463 million adults aged 20-79 were living with diabetes, primarily due to Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). While the potential of dietary fiber to mitigate obesity is recognized, substantial knowledge gaps persist. Our study aims to investigate the association between inadequate fiber intake and obesity in diabetic adults in the United States from 2017 to 2020.
Keywords
Type 2 Diabetes, Dietary fiber, Obesity
Presentation Type
Poster Presentation
The Association of Inadequate Fiber Intake with Obesity in Adult Diabetic Patients in the United States
Introduction and Objective. Obesity is an alarming public health issue in the United States, with a staggering 41.9%prevalence according to the 2017-March 2020 NHANES survey. In 2019, over 463 million adults aged 20-79 were living with diabetes, primarily due to Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). While the potential of dietary fiber to mitigate obesity is recognized, substantial knowledge gaps persist. Our study aims to investigate the association between inadequate fiber intake and obesity in diabetic adults in the United States from 2017 to 2020. Methods. This cross-sectional study utilized NHANES data from 2017 to 2020, focusing on diabetic patients aged 18-65. Exclusion criteria encompassed abnormal dietary energy intake, a history of cardiovascular disease, cancer, previous stroke, and pregnancy. The outcome variable was obesity (BMI ≥ 30), while the primary independent variable was dietary fiber intake measured in grams/day. The cutoff values aligned with recommended daily intake, set at ≥ 25 g/day for females and ≥ 38 g/day for males. Covariates encompassed age, education level, socioeconomic status, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, total energy intake, and macronutrient intake. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. The study did not establish a statistically significant link between fiber intake and increased BMI in diabetic patients (OR=0.20; 95% CI: 0.03-1.42). Notably, male participants exhibited significantly lower odds of obesity compared to female patients (OR=0.19; 95% CI: 0.09-0.40), while smokers had an 81% lower likelihood of increased BMI compared to non-smokers (OR=0.19; 95% CI: 0.05-0.66). Gender and smoking status emerged as influential factors affecting BMI, with no discernible correlation between race and BMI. Conclusions-Implications. Although the study did not establish a direct link between fiber intake and BMI in diabetic adults, it provides valuable insights for future research and clinical guidance. These findings underscore the need for more nuanced and comprehensive investigations in this field, recognizing the multifaceted nature of the relationship between dietary fiber, obesity, and diabetes, potentially necessitating more extensive exploration. Obesity is an alarming public health issue in the United States, with a staggering 41.9% prevalence according to the 2017-March 2020 NHANES survey. In 2019, over 463 million adults aged 20-79 were living with diabetes, primarily due to Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). While the potential of dietary fiber to mitigate obesity is recognized, substantial knowledge gaps persist. Our study aims to investigate the association between inadequate fiber intake and obesity in diabetic adults in the United States from 2017 to 2020.