Document Type

Dissertation

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Major/Program

Spanish

First Advisor's Name

Maida Watson

First Advisor's Committee Title

Committee Chair

Second Advisor's Name

Santiago Juan-Navarro

Second Advisor's Committee Title

Committee member

Third Advisor's Name

Nicola Gavioli

Third Advisor's Committee Title

Committee member

Fourth Advisor's Name

Victor Uribe-Uran

Fourth Advisor's Committee Title

Committee member

Keywords

Andres A. Cáceres, Pacific War, satire, slander, parody, public sphere, political metaphors, caricatures, 1895, sátira, parodia, esfera pública, metáforas políticas, caricaturas

Date of Defense

4-24-2020

Abstract

This dissertation is a multidisciplinary study that brings together the fields of literature, history, visual arts, cultural studies and journalism in order to understand how satire, a discourse mode that subverts any kind of written format, was used in the political-satirical press to question and diminish power figures in the context of the fall of the Segundo Militarismo (Second Militarism) government of Andres Caceres in late l9th century Peru. The Pacific War (1879-1883) resulted in the birth of Segundo Militarismo along with the rise to power of Peruvian war hero Andres Avelino Caceres, whom many in Peru saw as a savior destined to rebuild the country. Nevertheless, his government failed to meet the high expectations of the people and was thus accompanied by an increase in journalistic antimilitaristic rhetoric. Newspapers and magazines were published rejecting a possible second Presidency of Caceres and calling for a civil president, the charismatic Nicolas de Piérola.

This study examines political-satirical journals from late l9th century Peru in order to analyze how satire operated through the use of discourse figures such as metaphors, similes or hyperboles to attack Cáceres’ image, both through written and visual texts. It focuses on several elements in order to understand how the political-satirical press built networks: (1) political-satirical periodicals were based on a parody of a news journal itself; (2) these periodicals were self-referential and build their own criteria of credibility and created, thus, their own institutional memory; (3) satire, following the Chicago Satire School, is based on history and identifiable historical particulars; (4) caricature shaped a new kind of reader and worked as a complement to what texts could not express; (5) political-satirical press took active part in the public sphere by questioning key concepts such as democracy, power figures and the legitimacy of political parties.

Identifier

FIDC008992

ORCID

0000-0001-6038-0912

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