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Document Type

Conference Proceedings

Abstract

Objective: To compare cesarean section (C-section) rates and examine maternal age influence among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDMA1), gestational diabetes mellitus A2 (GDMA2), or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) monitored using continuous glucose sensors versus traditional meters. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed pregnant patients monitored by sensor or meter glucose devices at a single perinatal practice between 2022 and 2025. Patients were categorized by diabetes subtype and monitoring modality. Cesarean delivery rates were calculated per subgroup, and Fisher’s exact tests assessed differences between monitoring methods within each subtype. Maternal age comparisons between delivery modes were performed with t-tests. Fetal growth percentiles were computed using Intergrowth curves and compared in the sensor group. Results: Among meter-monitored patients, cesarean rates were 39.7% for GDMA1, 57.7% for GDMA2, and 70.0% for T2DM. Sensor-monitored groups had rates of 56.5%, 55.6%, and 66.7%, respectively. Maternal age differences between delivery modes were not statistically significant (p > 0.1). Sensor-monitored GDMA1 and T2DM patients showed trends toward older maternal age in C-section deliveries, but these were not significant. In the sensor group, infants were evenly distributed between appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA, 50%) and small-for-gestational age (SGA, 50%), with no large-for-gestational age (LGA) infants identified. Conclusion: Cesarean rates are influenced by diabetes subtypes but not significantly by maternal age or glucose monitoring modality. These findings enhance understanding of how glucose monitoring technologies affect obstetric outcomes in diabetic pregnancies, highlighting complex clinical interactions governing delivery mode and fetal growth, and emphasize the need for further multivariable studies.

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