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Abstract
This report examines Russia’s increasing influence in the Central Andes, specifically in Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador, and highlights the adverse outcomes associated with this influence. Russia has significantly expanded its regional presence through security, diplomatic, and disinformation channels, taking advantage of geopolitical instability and economic vulnerabilities. Key developments include Russia’s involvement in Bolivia’s energy sector, particularly oil and lithium, mainly through its giant state-controlled companies Gazprom and Rosatom.
Russian disinformation has also significantly amplified propaganda, mainly through Bolivia’s Movement Toward Socialism (MAS) government. It has also used media manipulation to limit dissent and silence opposition, using its leverage and connections to increase its gray zone footprint in the region. Although Russian influence is most pronounced in Bolivia, changing electoral and geopolitical dynamics in Peru and Ecuador could potentially contribute to expanding it in those two countries.