Document Type
Dissertation
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Major/Program
Electrical and Computer Engineering
First Advisor's Name
Stavros V. Georgakopoulos
First Advisor's Committee Title
committee chair
Second Advisor's Name
Elias A. Alwan
Second Advisor's Committee Title
committee member
Third Advisor's Name
Berrin Tansel
Third Advisor's Committee Title
committee member
Fourth Advisor's Name
Ahmed S. Ibrahim
Fourth Advisor's Committee Title
committee member
Fifth Advisor's Name
Nezih Pala
Fifth Advisor's Committee Title
committee member
Keywords
MIMO antennas, MIMO channel modeling, sub-diffraction focusing, superoscillation, SmallSat, CubeSat, small satellite, swarm, superresolution, dual-band, quad-band, isolation
Date of Defense
3-28-2023
Abstract
The scientific objective of this thesis is to develop cognitive inter-satellite MIMO communication systems for swarms of small satellites, and antenna systems that provide high resolution imaging. To achieve this objective, this dissertation proposes: (a) the first-ever-reported MIMO channel model to accurately characterize the SmallSat swarm propagation environment, (b) a novel technique to design compact multi-band multi-mode microstrip antennas (MSAs) with diversity/MIMO capabilities, and (c) the first-ever-reported practical technique to generate a far-field sub-diffraction focus in the microwave regime. Our proposed MIMO channel model is used to demonstrate that the capacity improvement provided by MIMO systems is significant, scalable, and practical in the SmallSat swarm environment. Namely, it is demonstrated that under practical constraints a (16, 16) MIMO system can provide up to 5 times the capacity of a traditional dual-polarized communication system.
Motivated by these findings, this dissertation proposes a simple and elegant technique to achieve high isolation (up to 39 dB) among the ports of compact multi-band multi-mode MSAs with diversity/MIMO capabilities by appropriately introducing slots. As compared to state-of-the-art decoupling techniques, our proposed slot-based technique has a low design complexity and a low profile. Moreover, high isolation between all pairs of ports is achieved while avoiding the introduction of additional decoupling structures and their associated losses.
Finally, by employing the discovery of superoscillations and the principles of Fourier optics, this dissertation develops the first-ever-reported (to our knowledge) practical technique to generate a far-field sub-diffraction focus in the microwave regime. Specifically, our technique produces (in theory) an arbitrary small focus using the interference of two or more appropriately designed circular arrays. As a proof-of-concept, an antenna is designed, which produces approximately a 2 times improvement in resolution over traditional sensing and imaging systems. Compared to state-of-the-art technologies, our proposed technique is expected to have significant broad impact to remote sensing (e.g., imaging and radar systems), communication and wireless power transfer systems.
Identifier
FIDC011052
ORCID
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-2830
Previously Published In
N. E. Russo, C. L. Zekios and S. V. Georgakopoulos, "Decoupling Modes in Multi-Band Microstrip Patch Antennas," in IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2, pp. 118-125, 2021.
N. E. Russo, C. L. Zekios and S. V. Georgakopoulos, "MIMO Systems in SmallSat Swarms: System Characterization With the Introduction of a Channel Model," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 70, no. 9, pp. 8276-8290, Sept. 2022.
Recommended Citation
Russo, Nicholas E., "Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Communication and High-Resolution Imaging Systems for Small Satellites" (2023). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 5282.
https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/5282
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